Freight rate kaise nikaalein
Ek trip par asal me kitna lagta hai, aur usse per km aur per ton rate kaise nikalta hai.
Yaad se diya hua rate paisa kyun khaata hai
Zyada tar rate phone par das second me diya jaata hai — pichhli baar isi route par jo mila tha, wahi. Ye tab tak chalta hai jab tak kuchh na badla ho — diesel, toll, batta, ya ye ki is baar load pichhli baar se halka hai.
Jo kharche bhool jaate hain wo wahi hain jo trip ke din nahi dikhte. Tyre trip ke din nahi aate; aath mahine me ek baar aate hain. EMI mahine ki paanch taareekh ko jaata hai, truck chala ho ya na chala ho. Dono jaldi wale hisaab me nahi aate, aur dono asli hain.
Ek trip par aathh cheezein lagti hain
Trip ka har kharcha in aathh me se kisi ek me aata hai. Aapke rate ke peechhe ye aathhon na hon, to kuchh margin me se ja raha hai.
- Diesel — doori ko mileage se baanto, phir us din ke rate se guna
- Toll — aate-jaate dono, agar khaali wapas aata hai to wo bhi
- Loading — per ton ya ek musht, aur ye ki aap dete hain ya party
- Unloading — doosre sire par wahi sawaal dobara
- Driver — trip ka batta, raat ka halt, aur raste me diya hua paisa
- Tyre aur maintenance — per km ka aankda, kyunki kharch asal me isi tarah hota hai
- EMI ya gaadi ka kiraya — mahine ka aankda, mahine me jitne trip lagte hain usse baanta hua
- Insurance, permit, tax aur office — ye bhi mahine ka, trip par baanta hua
Poora hisaab — Delhi se Mumbai, 10 wheeler, 16 ton
Ek trip, 1,400 km, aur aathhon kharche bhare hue. Yahan ke aankde misaal ke hain; copy karne wali cheez hisaab ka tareeka hai.
| Kharcha | Kaise nikla | Rakam |
|---|---|---|
| Diesel | 1,400 km ÷ 4 km per litre × ₹90 | ₹31,500 |
| Toll | Route par aate-jaate | ₹4,500 |
| Driver | Trip ka batta aur raat ka halt | ₹6,000 |
| Loading | 16 ton × ₹150 per ton | ₹2,400 |
| Unloading | Delivery par consignee deta hai | ₹0 |
| Tyre aur maintenance | 1,400 km × ₹4 per km | ₹5,600 |
| EMI / gaadi ka kiraya | Mahine ke ₹60,000 ÷ 4 trip | ₹15,000 |
| Insurance, permit, office | Mahine ke ₹20,000 ÷ 4 trip | ₹5,000 |
| Trip ka poora kharcha | Aathhon jod kar | ₹70,000 |
Ye sirf misaal ke aankde hain — diesel ka rate, mileage, toll, batta aur aapke apne mahine ke kharche route, truck aur mahine se badalte hain. Apne aankde inhi aathh line me daal dein, tareeka wahi rahega.
Kharche se rate kaise banta hai
Kharcha ₹70,000. Upar 15 pratishat rakhein to bhada ₹80,500. Wahi ek rakam, teen tarah se kahi gayi:
| Kaise kahein | Hisaab | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| Per trip | ₹70,000 kharcha aur 15 pratishat upar | ₹80,500 |
| Per km | ₹80,500 ÷ 1,400 km | ₹57.50 per km |
| Per ton | ₹80,500 ÷ 16 ton | ₹5,031 per ton |
Teeno ek hi paisa hai. Par aap kaunsa bolte hain isse tay hota hai ki risk kaun uthaata hai — aur agla hissa wahi hai.
Per-ton ka jaal
₹5,031 per ton bolne ka matlab hai ki aap jitna chadhega uska paisa lenge, trip ka nahi. Party 16 ki jagah 12 ton bhej de, to aapko ₹60,375 milega aur kharcha ₹70,000 ka hai. Truck ne wahi 1,400 km chala, wahi diesel piya, aur jo trip munaafe par tay hua tha usme ₹9,625 ka nuksaan ho gaya.
Nikalne ke do raaste hain, aur dono trade me aam hain. Ya full load ka per-trip rate dein, ya per-ton rate dein par booking par kam se kam wazan likhwa lein. Jo nahi chalta wo hai per-ton rate jiske neeche koi hadd hi na ho.
Khaali wapsi
Ek taraf ka rate tabhi chalta hai jab wapsi ka load pakka ho. Pakka na ho to jaane wale trip ko wapsi ka kharcha bhi uthaana padta hai — 1,400 km ka diesel, toll aur driver, platform khaali. Upar wali misaal me iska matlab hai ki margin ka zyada hissa gaya.
Isliye ya wapsi ko rate me jod kar zyada bolein, ya pakka wapsi load hi us route ko chalaane laayak banata hai, ye maan lein. Ek taraf ka rate de kar wapsi ki ummeed rakhna — munaafa dikhne wala route munaafa na hone ki sabse aam wajah yahi hai.
Loading aur unloading — asal me kaun deta hai
Loading aur unloading ka kharcha — hamaali, labour, zaroorat par crane — ek trip par chhota lagta hai aur mahine me bada ho jaata hai, aur rate me sabse zyada yahi chhoot jaata hai. Rate per ton ya per package hota hai, aur ek hi route ke do sire par alag hota hai.
Ise booking par hi, shabdon me tay kar lein — loading kaun dega, unloading kaun dega, aur truck khada rahe to detention lagega ya nahi. Phir LR par "paid" ya "to pay" likh dein. Hamaali ka jhagda kabhi rakam ka nahi hota; wo isliye hota hai ki kisi ne pehle bola hi nahi tha.
Aap broker hain, truck maalik nahi, to
Broker ka hisaab chhota hai par zyada tight. Party ka rate minus supplier ka rate — wahi commission hai, beech me koi diesel ya EMI nahi. Par margin patla hai, isliye rate me ₹500 ka farak zyada mayne rakhta hai, kam nahi.
Broker ko rate nahi khaata — rate ke do kinaaron ke beech ka faasla khaata hai. Party 45 din me deti hai aur supplier 7 din me maangta hai, to trip munaafe ka hai aur mahina phir bhi paise se khaali hai. Rate ek aankda hai; wo kab aayega ye doosra — aur faisle me dono aate hain.
Ye aankde kahan se aayenge
Ye sab tabhi chalta hai jab pata ho ki pichhle mahine asal me kitna laga — aur yahi wo cheez hai jiska jawab copy nahi de sakti. Diesel, toll, loading, batta aur maintenance usi trip ke khaate me chadhne chahiye jiska wo kharcha tha, warna upar wala per km aankda dashmalav ke saath likha hua andaaza hai.
TransportMaster har kharcha us trip par rakhta hai, party ka rate aur supplier ka rate saath me dikhata hai, aur batata hai ki sab kuchh ke baad trip ne kya diya. Kuchh mahine ka hisaab bhar jaaye, to per km aur per ton aapka apna aankda hoga — kisi page par likhi misaal nahi.
Aksar poochhe jaane wale sawaal
Freight per km kaise nikaalein?
Poore trip ka kharcha jodein — diesel, toll, loading, unloading, driver, tyre aur maintenance, EMI ya kiraya, aur insurance-permit-office ka hissa. Usme apna margin jodein, phir doori se baant dein. Upar ki misaal me ₹80,500 ko 1,400 km se baanto to ₹57.50 per km aata hai.
Freight per ton kaise nikaalein?
Trip ka kharcha aur margin usi tarah nikaalein, phir jitna wazan gaya usse baant dein. ₹80,500 ko 16 ton se baanto to lagbhag ₹5,031 per ton. Ise kam se kam wazan likhwa kar hi bolein, warna halka load aapko ghaate me chhod dega.
Transport me loading charge kya hota hai?
Maal truck par chadhaane ke liye labour ko diya jaane wala paisa, jo per ton ya per package lagta hai, aur kabhi ek musht. Unloading doosre sire par wahi kharcha hai. Dono kaun dega ye booking par tay karein aur LR par "paid" ya "to pay" likh dein.
"Paid" aur "to pay" me kya farq hai?
"Paid" ka matlab bhada consignor ne maal uthaate waqt chuka diya. "To pay" ka matlab consignee delivery par dega, aam taur par maal chhodne se pehle. Yahi do shabd loading aur unloading ke liye bhi chalte hain, aur bhade ka zyada tar jhagda inhi ke ghalat-malat hone ka nikalta hai.
Transport me kitna margin rakhna chahiye?
Koi ek aankda nahi hai — ye route, muqaabla aur wapsi load pakka hai ya nahi, isse tay hota hai. Zyada zaroori ye hai ki margin aathhon kharche ke upar baithe, tyre aur EMI ko mila kar. Adhoore kharche ke upar achha dikhne wala margin, margin nahi hota.
Ek hi route par alag-alag mahine me kharcha kyun badal jaata hai?
Diesel hilta hai, toll ke rate badalte hain, aur season me batta badh jaata hai. Load bhi badalta hai — usi doori par halka load chalane me kharcha utna hi aata hai par per-ton rate par kamai kam hoti hai. Isliye aankda kuchh mahine me dobara nikaalein, pichhle saal ka rate aage na khaenchein.
Kaise pata chalega ki trip me paisa bana ya nahi?
Sirf tab, jab kharche usi trip ke khaate me likhe hon. Mila hua bhada, minus supplier ya driver ka payment, minus us trip par chadha har kharcha — jo bacha wahi us trip ne diya. Kharche copy me hon aur bhada ledger me, to ye hisaab nikalta hi nahi.
Truck ke type aur capacity · Trip management — har trip par kharcha · Party aur supplier ledger